RMAN-06023 : no backup or copy of datafile found to restore 说明

RMAN 的备份信息如下：

RMAN> list backupset summary;

List of Backups

===============

Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag

------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---

9 b 1 a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no dave_lev1

10 b 1 a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no dave_lev1

13 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

14 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

15 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

16 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

17 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

18 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

19 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

20 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

21 b a a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

22 b f a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no bak_ctlfile

23 b f a disk 01-jun-11 1 1 no spfile

RMAN> crosscheck backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0cmdpuof_1_1_20110601 recid=9 stamp=752679695

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0bmdpuoe_1_1_20110601 recid=10 stamp=752679695

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0fmdpven_1_1_20110601 recid=13 stamp=752680408

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0gmdpven_1_1_20110601 recid=14 stamp=752680422

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0hmdpvj4_1_1_20110601 recid=15 stamp=752680549

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0imdpvj5_1_1_20110601 recid=16 stamp=752680582

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0jmdpvo4_1_1_20110601 recid=17 stamp=752680709

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0kmdpvo5_1_1_20110601 recid=18 stamp=752680721

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0mmdpvss_1_1_20110601 recid=19 stamp=752680863

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0lmdpvsr_1_1_20110601 recid=20 stamp=752680860

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/arch_0nmdpvv0_1_1_20110601 recid=21 stamp=752680929

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/ctl_file_0omdpvv7_1_1_20110601 recid=22 stamp=752680937

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'

backup piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_spfile_0pmdpvva_1_1_20110601 recid=23 stamp=752680939

Crosschecked 13 objects

但是restore validate的时候， 报错：

RMAN> restore database validate;

Starting restore at 01-JUN-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

RMAN-00571: =================================================

RMAN-00569: ===== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ====

RMAN-00571: ==========================================

RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 06/01/2011 21:21:28

RMAN-06026: some targets not found - aborting restore

RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 3 found to restore

RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 2 found to restore

RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 1 found to restore

一般来说，遇到这种问题是因为控制过旧，即控制文件中没有备份的信息。

比如在nocatalog模式下，备份数据文件之前，先备份控制文件，然后在备份数据库。 在还原的时候，先还原还原控制文件，此时的控制文件中并没有包含RMAN 备份的信息，这时进行恢复就会遇到RMAN-06023 的错误。 但我这里控制文件没有修改。 所以不是这个原因造成。

google 一下。 有网友通过以下几种方法解决了这个问题：

1. shutdown abort。

2. crosscheck backup

3 设置 DBID

4. 重建UNDO Tablespace

这几种方法是问题的一方面，不过我遇到的情况还有一个特殊性。 就是我的RMAN 采用了增量备份，但是我没有做0级备份，而是直接用1级备份。 这种情况下，RMAN 发现没有0级备份，所以此时的1级备份也相当于0级备份。

尝试重新做了一次0级备份，在次validate，居然ok了。

RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE VALIDATE;

Starting restore at 01-JUN-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_10mdqqtd_1_1_20110601

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_10mdqqtd_1_1_20110601 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev0_0vmdqqtd_1_1_20110601

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev0_0vmdqqtd_1_1_20110601 tag=DAVE_LEV0

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

Finished restore at 01-JUN-11

正常情况下直接进行1级备份也是可以进行恢复的。 所以不应该出现这种问题。 所以在进行一次测试，就是使用1级备份进行恢复，看这种备份能否正常用于恢复。

到另一台单实例测试库上进行一下测试。 上面这台是我的RAC 测试库，折腾坏了，一时也没空去捣鼓。

备份脚本参考：

Nocatalog 下的RMAN 增量备份 shell脚本

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2011/01/26/6164931.aspx

先做一个1级备份：

RMAN> list backup summary;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backups

===============

key ty lv s device type completion time #pieces #copies compressed tag

------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---

5 b 1 a disk 02-jun-11 1 1 no dave_lev1

6 b 1 a disk 02-jun-11 1 1 no dave_lev1

9 b a a disk 02-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

10 b a a disk 02-jun-11 1 1 no arc_bak

11 b f a disk 02-jun-11 1 1 no bak_ctlfile

12 b f a disk 02-jun-11 1 1 no spfile

用restore 进行一次验证：

RMAN> restore database validate;

Starting restore at 02-JUN-11

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=148 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16

Finished restore at 02-JUN-11

居然没有报错，灵异事件啊。

灵异就灵异吧，继续验证下这个1级备份的恢复问题。

RMAN> shutdown immediate

database closed

database dismounted

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup mount;

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

database mounted

Total System Global Area 239075328 bytes

Fixed Size 1218700 bytes

Variable Size 83887988 bytes

Database Buffers 146800640 bytes

Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 02-JUN-11

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=157 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/undotbs01.dbf

restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/sysaux01.dbf

restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_0amdrva4_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/system01.dbf

restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave1/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/backup/dave_lev1_09mdrva3_1_1_20110602 tag=DAVE_LEV1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35

Finished restore at 02-JUN-11

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 02-JUN-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:06

Finished recover at 02-JUN-11

RMAN> alter database open;

database opened

这种1级备份可以用来恢复。之前还遇到过一次rman 过期备份集在自动备份脚本里用: delete noprompt expired backup; 不能删除的问题。

有遇到这种情况的同学也可以说说。

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